BUILDING STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES. GROUNDS AND FOUNDATIONS
Currently, it is common to construct buildings and structures on foundation soils that are pre-compacted in various ways. At the same time, the physical and mechanical properties of the foundation soils change in order to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation soils of tasks and structures. This article describes the studies of the physical and mechanical properties of soils using the example of a number of construction sites. Some results from these studies before and after compaction are presented. Physical, deformation and strength characteristics were determined both in laboratory and field conditions.
When carrying out the work, the following tasks were set: to conduct full-scale (field) and laboratory studies to reliably determine the characteristics of the strength and deformability of compacted sandy soils; analyze the characteristics of compacted soils, which determine the development of deformations over time; conduct experimental studies in field and laboratory conditions on the use of compacted sandy soils of various granulometric compositions and densities as the soil foundation of a structure; based on analytical studies, establish a set of controlled parameters of the properties of compacted soils.
Thus, the object of study in this work was: sandy soils with different granulometric compositions.
Conclusions were drawn based on the results of the work.
BUILDING MATERIALS
Currently, in the manufacture of building structures made of reinforced concrete, plastic and concrete reinforcement clamps are widely used, ensuring the fixation of the steel reinforcement frame in a strictly designed position, to eliminate the possibility of displacement of the reinforcement frame during concreting. Such sufficiently rigid fastening is necessary for the subsequent reliable operation of the structure in the structure, as well as for the safety of steel reinforcement, protected by the necessary layer of concrete from corrosion. The information available in the literature does not allow us to judge the influence of the type of fasteners on the operational properties of reinforced concrete, such as strength and crack resistance. Experiments carried out using the proposed method showed that the strength and crack resistance of samples using plastic and concrete (low grade) fasteners is slightly lower than that of samples without fasteners or with fasteners made of high grade concrete. Based on the research results, it becomes possible to distinguish between the areas of application of plastic and concrete fasteners.
TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION
Globalization and increased competition have led to stricter consumer requirements for product quality. Ensuring product quality is not only a competitive advantage, but also helps reduce unforeseen resource costs and time from the occurrence of inconsistencies, which has a positive impact on the economic condition of the product manufacturer. At the same time, investors’ requirements for the quality of construction also have an upward trend, which was largely the result of the division of the functions of the technical customer and the performance of certain types of work, and the legislative establishment of the procedure for implementing contracting relations and the distribution of responsibility for the quality of construction. The issue of quality assurance becomes extremely important when implementing investment and construction activities in the field of nuclear energy use, since inconsistencies that may arise as a result of inadequate quality assurance of construction products during the construction of nuclear energy facilities are the most representative nuclear energy facilities (NUF) from the point of view of potential danger , are not only a highly undesirable event, but can also lead to significant environmental, social and political consequences.
TECHNOSPHERE SAFETY
The article is devoted to the regulatory and legal regulation of the features of management and implementation of measures for the complex transformation of the territory, the creation of comfortable and safe conditions for human life. There are a number of differences in the requirements for the improvement of territories regulated by federal and regional legislation, which require changes or clarifications of the wording.
LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION OBJECTS
The volume of high-rise construction in Russia is increasing every year, projects are becoming more interesting from both an engineering and architectural point of view. At the same time, regulatory requirements for such buildings are becoming more stringent, and the socio-economic demands of society are becoming more complex. Environmental protection of such objects is one of the main conditions for maintaining a favorable environmental situation.
The subject of this study is the features of information modeling at the stages of the life cycle of a high-rise building when solving environmental protection problems.
The purpose of the work is to scientifically substantiate the applicability of information modeling technologies for sustainable development and to identify problems whose solution will ensure comprehensive and long-term environmental protection at all stages of the life cycle of a high-rise building.
This goal determined the need to solve the following problems: analysis of modern possibilities and limitations of the use of information technologies in construction, formation of proposals for the development of an environmentally friendly design system and solving problems related to the integration of Green BIM into information models.
ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION
Today, in the formation of investment and target programs of the municipal, regional, federal levels, as well as investment programs of companies and corporations with state participation, the problem reliably determining the required investments based in the planned forecast estimate of capital costs is relevant. The basis of the formation of capital expenditures of capital construction is the resource support of the construction of the object, which should take into account the features of the applied technologies and methods of construction in different climatic conditions. The article substantiates the organizational and technological features of construction production of capital construction objects, taking into account the additional required resource supply depending on different climatic conditions of the winter period.